Lesson

Occupations

Names of jobs and professions

≈ 15 min 8 block(s)

Text

What are Occupations?

Occupations are words that name people’s jobs or professions. Learning occupation vocabulary helps you describe roles, responsibilities and workplace contexts — essential for TOEIC listening and reading.

  • Names of jobs (accountant, consultant, receptionist).
  • Common collocations: 'work as', 'be a', 'work in', 'hold the position of'.
  • Useful for describing duties, interviews and company org charts.

Table

Common Occupations and Examples

Occupation Definition Example (in a sentence)
Accountant A professional who manages financial records and prepares reports. The accountant prepared the quarterly financial statements.
Project Manager A person responsible for planning and executing projects. The project manager scheduled weekly status meetings.
Receptionist The person who greets visitors and handles front-desk tasks. The receptionist answered all incoming calls.
Software Engineer A professional who designs and develops software. Our software engineer fixed the bug before the release.
Human Resources Manager A manager responsible for hiring, training and employee relations. The HR manager organized onboarding for new staff.
Sales Representative A person who sells products or services to clients. The sales representative closed a major deal yesterday.
Consultant An expert who provides professional advice to organizations. The consultant recommended a new marketing strategy.
Analyst A professional who examines data and produces insights. The analyst presented a performance report to the team.

Tip

How to talk about someone's job (Key rules)

Use these structures to describe occupations clearly in professional English:

  • Use 'be' + article + occupation: She is a consultant.
  • Use 'work as' to mention role/function: He works as a project manager.
  • Use 'work in' to mention industry or department: She works in human resources.
  • Plural: Use no article for plural job references: Many analysts attended the meeting.

Remember: 'a/an' for one person (countable job), no article for plural or general statements.

Example

Examples in context

I work as a software engineer at a fintech startup.

The HR manager will review the applicants next week.

We hired a consultant to improve our sales process.

As a receptionist, she greets clients and schedules meetings.

Tip

Common mistakes with occupations

Avoid these universal errors when using occupation vocabulary:

  • Using the wrong article: saying 'She is __ manager' without 'a' when needed.
  • Confusing 'work as' (role) and 'work in' (department/industry).
  • Mixing singular/plural: 'He is accountant' instead of 'He is an accountant'.
  • Using informal job titles in formal contexts: prefer 'receptionist' not 'front-desk girl' in business English.

Check article, preposition and formality before finalizing a sentence.

Quiz

Choose the correct sentence:

Hint: Think about article use before singular job titles and the phrase for describing a role.

Quiz

Complete: The new hire _____ a sales representative.

Hint: Think about subject-verb agreement for third-person singular.

Quiz

Choose the correct sentence:

Hint: Focus on the correct structure to describe someone's role in plural.

Key Points

Vocabulary

accountant

noun CEFR B1 //əˈkaʊntənt//

A professional who prepares and examines financial records.

The accountant prepared the annual tax return.

Vocabulary

project manager

noun CEFR B2 //ˈprɒdʒɛkt ˈmænɪdʒər//

A person who plans, executes and closes projects.

The project manager delivered the project on time.

Vocabulary

receptionist

noun CEFR B1 //rɪˈsɛpʃənɪst//

A person who greets visitors and handles telephone calls at the front desk.

The receptionist scheduled three client meetings for Friday.

Vocabulary

software engineer

noun CEFR B2 //ˈsɒftwɛər ˌɛndʒɪˈnɪər//

A professional who writes and maintains computer programs and systems.

Our software engineer optimized the application's performance.

Vocabulary

human resources manager

noun CEFR B2 //ˌhjuːmən rɪˈzɔːsɪz ˈmænɪdʒər//

A manager responsible for recruitment, training and employee relations.

The human resources manager updated the company handbook.

Vocabulary

sales representative

noun CEFR B1 //seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv//

A person who sells products or services to customers or clients.

The sales representative negotiated a bulk discount for the client.

Vocabulary

consultant

noun CEFR B2 //kənˈsʌltənt//

An expert who gives professional or technical advice to organizations.

The consultant proposed a cost-saving plan for the client.

Vocabulary

analyst

noun CEFR B2 //ˈænəlɪst//

A person who examines data or systems to produce insights and recommendations.

The analyst produced a market analysis for the product launch.