This lesson explains two ways English expresses necessity, recommendation or demand in 'that'-clauses: the present subjunctive and the use of 'should' inside the clause. Both forms follow verbs and adjectives that express importance, recommendation, insistence or demand.
Present subjunctive: that + subject + base verb (e.g., 'They requested that she attend.')
Should in that-clauses (more common in British English): that + subject + should + base verb (e.g., 'They requested that she should attend.')
American English generally prefers the subjunctive without 'should'; both forms can express recommendation or necessity
Table
Subjunctive vs 'should' in that-clauses
Structure
Meaning / Use
Example
that + subject + base verb (present subjunctive)
Formal necessity, demand, recommendation (preferred in American English)
The manager insisted that the report be submitted by Friday.
that + subject + should + base verb
Alternative form (common in British English); expresses the same idea of obligation/recommendation
The committee recommended that she should lead the project.
that + subject + verb(+s)
Indicative present — often incorrect in formal recommendations; can sound informal or incorrect
Incorrect: The CEO requested that the team completes the task.
that + subject + to-infinitive
Incorrect after verbs of demand/recommendation; avoids the subjunctive and is ungrammatical in formal contexts
Incorrect: They demanded that he to sign the contract.
Tip
Key rule: Use the base verb after 'that' for formal recommendations
When a verb or adjective expresses necessity, request, recommendation, demand or insistence, follow 'that' with the base form of the verb (the present subjunctive). In British English you may also include 'should' before the base verb, but this is optional.
Formal: recommend/request/insist + that + subject + base verb -> 'They insisted that he be present.'
British alternative: that + subject + should + base verb -> 'They insisted that he should be present.'
Avoid using the to-infinitive or the present indicative (+s) after verbs of recommendation in formal writing
In American English, prefer the subjunctive without 'should' in formal business contexts.
Example
Examples in context
The board recommended that she take charge of the new division.
It's essential that all employees be informed of the new policy.
We suggested that he should attend the conference next week.
They demanded that the contract be reviewed by legal counsel before signing.
Tip
Common mistakes to avoid
Learners often make predictable errors when using 'that'-clauses with recommendation or necessity. Avoid these universal mistakes:
Using the to-infinitive after 'that' (wrong): 'They required that he to submit the report.'
Using the present indicative with -s after third person (wrong in formal contexts): 'She insisted that he submits the documents.'
Confusing tense: don't use past tense forms inside a present recommendation clause: 'They demanded that he submitted the files.'
Mixing forms without consistency: do not follow a recommendation verb with an unrelated modal (e.g., 'They suggested that he might to go')
Focus on the verb immediately after the subject in the 'that' clause: use the base verb for the subjunctive or 'should' + base for the British alternative.
Quiz
Choose the correct sentence:
Hint: Focus on the verb form directly after 'that' in formal requests.
Correct!
Formal requests commonly use the present subjunctive: 'that' + subject + base verb (passive here: 'be finalized').
Incorrect
The correct answer was: The CEO requested that the report be finalized by Monday.
Formal requests commonly use the present subjunctive: 'that' + subject + base verb (passive here: 'be finalized').
Quiz
Complete: It is crucial that the shipment _____ on time.
Hint: Think about the base form of the verb used after 'that' for necessity
Correct!
'Arrive' is the base verb used in the present subjunctive after expressions of necessity: 'that the shipment arrive on time.'
Incorrect
The correct answer was: arrive
'Arrive' is the base verb used in the present subjunctive after expressions of necessity: 'that the shipment arrive on time.'
Quiz
Which sentence is grammatically correct in British English as an alternative to the subjunctive?
Hint: Look for 'that' + subject + should + base verb as the British alternative
Correct!
In British English an alternative to the subjunctive is 'that' + subject + should + base verb. Both forms convey insistence, though the subjunctive is common in American English.
Incorrect
The correct answer was: They insisted that he should attend the meeting.
In British English an alternative to the subjunctive is 'that' + subject + should + base verb. Both forms convey insistence, though the subjunctive is common in American English.
Key Points
GrammarPoint
present subjunctive
grammar_pointCEFR B2//ˈprɛzənt səbˈdʒʌŋktɪv//
A verb form that uses the base verb after 'that' to express necessity, request, recommendation or demand.
The director insisted that the proposal be revised.
GrammarPoint
should (in that-clauses)
modal verbCEFR B2//ʃʊd//
A modal used inside a that-clause (especially in British English) as an alternative to the subjunctive: 'that + subject + should + base verb'.
The committee suggested that he should lead the meeting.
Vocabulary
recommend
verbCEFR B1//ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd//
To advise that someone or something is suitable or the best option.
I recommend that you review the contract with a lawyer.
Vocabulary
insist
verbCEFR B2//ɪnˈsɪst//
To demand something firmly or persist in a statement or action.
She insisted that the issue be resolved before the audit.
Vocabulary
demand
verbCEFR B2//dɪˈmænd//
To ask for something forcefully and authoritatively.
They demanded that the vendor provide proof of compliance.
GrammarPoint
base form (bare infinitive)
grammar_pointCEFR B1//beɪs fɔːrm//
The verb in its simplest form without 'to' or inflection (e.g., 'be', 'go', 'submit'), used in the subjunctive after 'that'.
The HR director requested that all staff complete the training.
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